INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISE IN NIGERIA
Keywords:
Social media, small and medium scale, enterpriseAbstract
Small and medium-scale enterprise account for the vast majority of businesses worldwide, and they are critical to job creation and global economic development. SMEs are perceived as an engine of socio- economic transformation in both developed and developing countries. However, poor marketing strategies, low capital base and high interest on payback loan have become the major challenges facing the development of SMEs particularly in developing countries like Nigeria. Sequel to this, social media have become a major platform for advertising and promoting SMEs. This paper, therefore, discusses the influence of social media on small and medium-scale enterprises. Furthermore, the paper x-rayed the concept of SMEs,described what social media is all about, and emphasized the roles and benefits of social media to SMEs. Interestingly, the findings revealed that, social media is a powerful tool that can be leveraged to boost SMEs.It was concluded that social media plays a pivotal role in enhancing the development and profitability of SMEs, thereby promoting the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a nation. It was recommended, among others, that the government and other stakeholders should provide the necessary modalities and establish a level playing field to enable owners of SMEs launch their businesses on various social media platforms for further growth and development, since they are integral to the growth of any economy.References
Agwu, M.O. & Emeti, C. I. (2014). Issues, challenges and prospects of small and medium scale in
Port Harcourt city, Nigeria. European Journal of Sustainable Development, 3(1), 101-114. Alakali, T. T., Alu, F. A., Tarnong, M., & Ogbu, E. (2014). The impact of social marketing networks on the
promotion of Nigerian global market: An analytical approach. International Journal of Humanities and
Social Science Invention, 2(3), 1-8. Alawan, A.A, Rana, N.P, Dwivedi, Y.K., & Algharabat, R., (2017). Social media in marketing: A review and
analysis of the existing literature. Telematics and information 34(7), 1177 -1190. Andzulis, J. “Mick,” Panagopoulos, N. G., & Rapp, A. (2012). A review of social media and Implications for
the sales process. Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, 32(3), 305–316. Ayozie, D.U, J.S. Oboreh, Umukoro. F & Ayozie V .U (2013). Small and medium scale enterprises (SMES)
in Nigeria. The Marketing Interface Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 13(9), 123-134. Balan, S., & Rege, J. (2017). Mining for social media: Usage patterns of small. Benefits amidst challenge
and uncertainty. Kalypso white paper, Kalypso Consulting Firm. Bazi, S., Filieri, R, & Gorton, M. (2020). Customers’ motivation to engage with luxuxry brands on social
media. Journal of Business Research, 112,223-235. Bennett, T. (2017). Marketing strategies: How small restaurant businesses use social media. Dissertations and Doctoral Studies https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3429
Benson, E & Ratkai, M. (2013). A set of metrics to assess stakeholder engagement and social legitimacy
on a corporate Facebook page. Online Information Review 35(5), 787-803. Bocconcelli, R., Cioppi, M., & Pagano, A. (2017). Social media as a resource in SMEs’ sales process. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 32(5), 693 -709. Candi, M. Roberts, & D.L., Hughes, M., (2017). Leveraging social network sites for new product launch. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 117(10), 2400 -2416.
Cohen, C & Lancaster, A.L. (2014). Individual Differences in In-person and social Media Television Co- viewing: The Role of Emotional Contagion, Need to Belong, and Co-viewing Orientation. Cyber
psychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 17(8), 512-522. Crammond, R., Omeihe, K. O., Murray, A., & Ledger, K. (2018). Managing knowledge through social media:
Modelling an entrepreneurial approach for Scottish SMEs and beyond. Baltic Journal of Management, 13(3), 303-328. Dhanika, M. (2012). Pinterest leading to product purchases, Consumer Instinct. http://www.consumerinstinct.com/pinterest-leading-to-product-purchases
Dwivedi, Y. K., Rana, N. P., Tajvidi, M., Lal, B., Sahu, G. P., & Gupta, A. (2017). Exploring the role of
social media in e-government: an analysis of emerging literature. Exploring the Role of SocialMedia in
e-Government 13(3), 97–106. Ebitu, E. T., Basil, G. & Ufot, J. A. (2016). An appraisal of Nigeria’s micro, small and medium enterprises
(MSMEs): Growth, challenges and prospects. European Centre for Research Training and
development UK, 4(5), 21-36. Ekwueme, A.C. & Okoro, N. (2018). Analysis of the use of social media advertising among selected online
businesses in Nigeria. International Journal of International Relations, Media and Mass
Communication Studies, 4(2), 28 - 43. Evans D., & McKee, J. (2010). Social media marketing: The next generation of business engagement. Wiley
Publishing, Inc., Indian. Experian Marketing Services (2014). Social media trends. http://www.experian.com marketing- services/online-trends-social-media.html
Eze, I. F., Iwu, C. H., Ruhode, E. (2021). The effectiveness of social media marketing. A case of Lagos
Nigeria. Harvard Deusto Business Research, 10(2), 255 - 271. Fang, S., Tsai, F., & Lin, J. L. (2010). Leveraging tenant incubator social capital for Organizational learning
and performance in incubation programme. International Small Business Journal, 28(1), 90-113. Harris, L. and Rae, A. (2009). The revenge of the gifted amateur: be afraid, be very afraid. Journal of Small
Business sand Enterprise Development, 16(4) 694 -709. Hassan, S., Nadzim, S. Z. A., & Shiratuddin, N. (2015). Strategic use of social media for small business based
on the AIDA model. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 172, 262-269. He, W., Wang, F. K., & Zha, S. (2014). Enhancing social media competitiveness of small businesses: insights
from small pizzerias. New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia, 20(3), 225–250. Hernita, H., Surya, B., Perwira, I., Abubakar & Idris, M. (2021). Economic business sustainability and
strengthening hunan resource capacity based on increasing (SMEs) in Maskassar City, Indonesia. Sustainability, 13(3177), 2-36. Ibechukwu, B., Uzoma, C.I. (2014). Impact of social media networks on consumer patronage inNigeria:
A study of Jumia and Konga Nigeria Limited. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(30), 63-70.
Iblasi, W. N., Bader, D. M., & Al-Qreini, S. A. (2016). The impact of social media as a marketing tool
on purchasing decisions (case study on Samsung for electrical home appliances). International
Journal of Managerial Studies and Research, 4(1), 14-28. Imeokparia, P.O & Ediagbonya, A.K. (2014). Small and medium scale enterprise: A catalyst for promoting
economic development in Nigeria. Journal of Education and Practice, 5(33), 92-98. Johansson, K., & Corvera, M. (2012). SMEs and social media - A study about how SMEs in the fashion
industry should approach social media. Kenya Vision 2030 from http://www.vision2030.go.ke
Ndiege R. A. (2019). Social media technology for the strategic positioning of small and mediumsized
enterprises: Empirical evidence from Kenya. Electronic Journal of Information Systems in
Developing Countries, 85(1), 1-12. Kamboj, S., Yadav, M., & Rahman, Z. (2018). Impact of social media and customer-centric technology
on performance outcomes: The mediating role of social CRM capabilities. International Journal of
Electronic Marketing and Retailing, 9(2), 109 -125. Kaplan, A. M. & Haenlein, M. (2009).Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of SocialMedia. Business Horizons 53, 59 - 68
Kenly, A., & Poston, B. (2016). Social media and product innovation early adopters reaping Benefits amidst
challenge and uncertainty, Kalypso white paper, Kalypso Consulting
Firm.Retrievedfrom:http://kalypso.com/downloads/insights/Kalypso_Social_Media_and_Product_I
nnovation_1.pdf
Kotler, P., & Armstrong, G. (2011). Principles of marketing (14th Ed.) Pearson Prentice Hall. Macedonia. Madu C.L Nwosu N.L & Udemba, N.F (2018). Social media: A tool for successful operation of small and
medium scale enterprises (SMEs) in the 21st century Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Business Education
(1), 123-134. Mangold, W. G., & Faulds, D. J. (2009). Social media: The new hybrid element of the promotion mix. Business Horizons, 52(4), 357-365. Obi, J.N (2015). The role of small scale enterprise in the achievement of economic growth in Nigeria. International Journal of science and humanities, 3(1), 1-25. Odii, C. (2013). Social Media. Contemporary readings in media and communication studies. St Benedettepublishers’ ltd. Lagos, Nigeria. Parveen, F., Jaafar, N. I., & Ainin, S. (2014). Social media usage and organizational performance:Reflections of
Malaysian social media managers. Telematics and Informatics, 32(1), 67–78
Pew Research Centre. (2015). Internet Use over Time: American Adults. http://www.pewinternet.org/data-trend/internet- use/internet-use-over-time/. Ramadani, V. (2011). The economic power of small businesses: The case of Republic of Macedonia (inenglish). International Bulletin of Business Administration, 11, 135-148. Rugova, B., & Prenaj, B. (2016). Social media as marketing tool for SMEs: Opportunities Sciences, 2(3),85-95.
Schaupp, L. C., & Bélanger, F. (2014). The value of social media for small businesses. Journal of
Information Systems, 28(1), 187–207. Singh, T. P. & Ratna S. (2017). The impact of social media on business growth and performance in India. International Journal of Research in Management & Business Studies 4(1), 36-40. Sisira, N (2011). Social media and its role in marketing. International Journal of Enterprise, Computing and Business Systems, 1(2), 1-15. Small and Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria (2013). SMEDAN and National Bureauof
Statistics Collaborative Survey. http://www.smedan.gov.ng
Somaya, J.A (2019). What are SMEs? https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332539278
Tafesse, W., & Wien, A. (2017). A framework for categorizing social media posts. Cogent Business and
Management 4(1), 424 - 434. Thirushen, N. (2011). The effectiveness of advertising through social media in Gauteng. A doctoral
dissertation submitted to the department of business administration, North-West University, Potchefstroom. Tuten, T. L., & Solomon, M. R. (2018). Social Media Marketing. London: Sage Publications.
Walt, K (2013). Major content marketing solutions and problems. www.forbes.com. World Bank (2020). Small and medium enterprise (SMEs) finances. Improving SMEs’ Access to finance and
finding innovative solutions to unlock sources of capital https://www.worldbank. org/en/tpic/smefinance
World Trade Organization, (2016). World trade report. Levelling the trading field for SMEs. http://www.wto.org/english/res_e/wtr16_e.htm
Zeeshan, Z. S., & Hussain, Q. I. (2017). Social media marketing and brand equity: A literature review. Journal of Marketing Management, 16(1) 47- 64. Zheyu Cui (2021) Analysis of the Impact of Social Media on the Economy. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 203, 3066-3066.